The MultiMediaCard (MMC)/Secure Digital (SD)/Secure Digital Input Output (SDIO) host driver implements a standard Linux driver interface to the ultra MMC/SD host controller (uSDHC). The host driver is part of the Linux kernel MMC framework.

Features

The i.MX8QXP MMC driver supports:

  • MMC and SD cards

  • SDIO cards

  • SD3.0 cards

MMC on the ConnectCore 8X platforms

On the ConnectCore 8X system-on-module:

  • Internal eMMC is connected to uSDHC1 controller using eight data lines.

On the ConnectCore 8X SBC Pro:

  • microSD card holder is connected to uSDHC2 controller using four data lines and a card detection line. It is available on the bottom side of the board.

Kernel configuration

You can manage the MMC/uSDHC driver support through the following kernel configuration options:

  • MMC/SD/SDIO (CONFIG_MMC)

  • MMC block (CONFIG_MMC_BLOCK)

  • Secure Digital Host Controller Interface support (CONFIG_MMC_SDHCI)

  • SDHCI support on the platform-specific bus (CONFIG_MMC_SDHCI_PLTFM)

  • SDHCI platform support for the NXP eSDHC i.MX controller (CONFIG_MMC_SDHCI_ESDHC_IMX)

These options are enabled as built-in on the default ConnectCore 8X kernel configuration file.

Kernel driver

The table below shows the uSDHC source files available in the kernel source directory: drivers/mmc/host/.

File Description

sdhci.c

standard stack code

sdhci-pltfm.c

sdhci platform layer

sdhci-esdhc-imx.c

uSDHC driver

sdhci-esdhc.h

uSDHC driver header file

Device tree bindings and customization

The i.MX8QXP MMC/SD/SDIO interface device tree binding is documented at Documentation/devicetree/bindings/mmc/fsl-imx-esdhc.txt.

Common MMC device tree bindings are documented at Documentation/devicetree/bindings/mmc/mmc.txt.

The MMC/SD/SDIO interfaces are defined in the i.MX8QXP CPU, ConnectCore 8X system-on-module, and ConnectCore 8X SBC Pro device tree files.

The common i.MX8QXP CPU device tree defines all the uSDHC ports. The platform device tree must:

  • Enable the required uSDHC port, by setting the status property to okay.

  • Select the bus-width depending on the number of data lines to use.

  • Select optional properties (broken-cd, no-1-8-v, non-removable…​), depending on the interface (see binding documentation).

  • Configure the IOMUX of the pads to use for the interface.

Example: eMMC

On the ConnectCore 8X, the eMMC is connected to uSDHC1 controller using eight data lines.

Definition of the uSDHC1

i.MX8QXP device tree
usdhc1: usdhc@5b010000 {
	compatible = "fsl,imx8qm-usdhc", "fsl,imx6sl-usdhc";
	interrupt-parent = <&gic>;
	interrupts = <GIC_SPI 232 IRQ_TYPE_LEVEL_HIGH>;
	reg = <0x0 0x5b010000 0x0 0x10000>;
	clocks = <&clk IMX8QXP_SDHC0_IPG_CLK>,
		 <&clk IMX8QXP_SDHC0_CLK>,
		 <&clk IMX8QXP_CLK_DUMMY>;
	clock-names = "ipg", "per", "ahb";
	assigned-clocks = <&clk IMX8QXP_SDHC0_SEL>, <&clk IMX8QXP_SDHC0_DIV>;
	assigned-clock-parents = <&clk IMX8QXP_CONN_PLL1_CLK>;
	assigned-clock-rates = <0>, <400000000>;
	power-domains = <&pd_conn_sdch0>;
	fsl,tuning-start-tap = <20>;
	fsl,tuning-step= <2>;
	status = "okay";
};

IOMUX configuration

ConnectCore 8X device tree
/* eMMC */
pinctrl_usdhc1: usdhc1grp {
	fsl,pins = <
		SC_P_EMMC0_CLK_CONN_EMMC0_CLK		0x06000041
		SC_P_EMMC0_CMD_CONN_EMMC0_CMD		0x00000021
		SC_P_EMMC0_DATA0_CONN_EMMC0_DATA0	0x00000021
		SC_P_EMMC0_DATA1_CONN_EMMC0_DATA1	0x00000021
		SC_P_EMMC0_DATA2_CONN_EMMC0_DATA2	0x00000021
		SC_P_EMMC0_DATA3_CONN_EMMC0_DATA3	0x00000021
		SC_P_EMMC0_DATA4_CONN_EMMC0_DATA4	0x00000021
		SC_P_EMMC0_DATA5_CONN_EMMC0_DATA5	0x00000021
		SC_P_EMMC0_DATA6_CONN_EMMC0_DATA6	0x00000021
		SC_P_EMMC0_DATA7_CONN_EMMC0_DATA7	0x00000021
		SC_P_EMMC0_STROBE_CONN_EMMC0_STROBE	0x06000041
	>;
};

Device enabling and options

ConnectCore 8X device tree
/* eMMC */
&usdhc1 {
	pinctrl-names = "default", "state_100mhz", "state_200mhz";
	pinctrl-0 = <&pinctrl_usdhc1>;
	pinctrl-1 = <&pinctrl_usdhc1_100mhz>;
	pinctrl-2 = <&pinctrl_usdhc1_200mhz>;
	bus-width = <8>;
	non-removable;
	/*
	 * This property should be removed once the eMMC voltage is configured
	 * to 1.8V.
	 */
	no-1-8-v;
	status = "okay";
};

Example: microSD on the ConnectCore 8X SBC Pro

On the ConnectCore 8X SBC Pro, the microSD card holder is connected to uSDHC2 controller using four data lines and a card detection line.

Definition of the uSDHC2

i.MX8QXP device tree
usdhc2: usdhc@5b020000 {
	compatible = "fsl,imx8qm-usdhc", "fsl,imx6sl-usdhc";
	interrupt-parent = <&gic>;
	interrupts = <GIC_SPI 233 IRQ_TYPE_LEVEL_HIGH>;
	reg = <0x0 0x5b020000 0x0 0x10000>;
	clocks = <&clk IMX8QXP_SDHC1_IPG_CLK>,
		 <&clk IMX8QXP_SDHC1_CLK>,
		 <&clk IMX8QXP_CLK_DUMMY>;
	clock-names = "ipg", "per", "ahb";
	assigned-clocks = <&clk IMX8QXP_SDHC1_SEL>, <&clk IMX8QXP_SDHC1_DIV>;
	assigned-clock-parents = <&clk IMX8QXP_CONN_PLL1_CLK>;
	assigned-clock-rates = <0>, <200000000>;
	power-domains = <&pd_conn_sdch1>;
	fsl,tuning-start-tap = <20>;
	fsl,tuning-step= <2>;
	status = "okay";
};

IOMUX configuration

ConnectCore 8X SBC Pro device tree
	pinctrl_usdhc2_gpio: usdhc2gpiogrp {
		fsl,pins = <
			/* Card detect */
			SC_P_USDHC1_CD_B_LSIO_GPIO4_IO22	0x06000021
		>;
	};

	pinctrl_usdhc2: usdhc2grp {
		fsl,pins = <
			SC_P_USDHC1_CLK_CONN_USDHC1_CLK		0x06000041
			SC_P_USDHC1_CMD_CONN_USDHC1_CMD		0x00000021
			SC_P_USDHC1_DATA0_CONN_USDHC1_DATA0	0x00000021
			SC_P_USDHC1_DATA1_CONN_USDHC1_DATA1	0x00000021
			SC_P_USDHC1_DATA2_CONN_USDHC1_DATA2	0x00000021
			SC_P_USDHC1_DATA3_CONN_USDHC1_DATA3	0x00000021
		>;
	};

	pinctrl_usdhc2_100mhz: usdhc2grp100mhz {
		fsl,pins = <
			SC_P_USDHC1_CLK_CONN_USDHC1_CLK		0x06000041
			SC_P_USDHC1_CMD_CONN_USDHC1_CMD		0x00000021
			SC_P_USDHC1_DATA0_CONN_USDHC1_DATA0	0x00000021
			SC_P_USDHC1_DATA1_CONN_USDHC1_DATA1	0x00000021
			SC_P_USDHC1_DATA2_CONN_USDHC1_DATA2	0x00000021
			SC_P_USDHC1_DATA3_CONN_USDHC1_DATA3	0x00000021
		>;
	};

	pinctrl_usdhc2_200mhz: usdhc2grp200mhz {
		fsl,pins = <
			SC_P_USDHC1_CLK_CONN_USDHC1_CLK		0x06000041
			SC_P_USDHC1_CMD_CONN_USDHC1_CMD		0x00000021
			SC_P_USDHC1_DATA0_CONN_USDHC1_DATA0	0x00000021
			SC_P_USDHC1_DATA1_CONN_USDHC1_DATA1	0x00000021
			SC_P_USDHC1_DATA2_CONN_USDHC1_DATA2	0x00000021
			SC_P_USDHC1_DATA3_CONN_USDHC1_DATA3	0x00000021
		>;
	};

Device enabling and options

ConnectCore 8X SBC Pro device tree
/* Micro SD card */
&usdhc2 {
	pinctrl-names = "default", "state_100mhz", "state_200mhz";
	pinctrl-0 = <&pinctrl_usdhc2>, <&pinctrl_usdhc2_gpio>;
	pinctrl-1 = <&pinctrl_usdhc2_100mhz>, <&pinctrl_usdhc2_gpio>;
	pinctrl-2 = <&pinctrl_usdhc2_200mhz>, <&pinctrl_usdhc2_gpio>;
	bus-width = <4>;
	no-1-8-v;
	cd-gpios = <&gpio4 22 GPIO_ACTIVE_HIGH>;
	status = "okay";
};