Fastboot is a protocol for communication between your device and a computer. It allows you to modify file system images over a USB connection, which is a quick way to update firmware during development. Fastboot requires the USB interface to work as 'device'.

Although it was originally developed for Android images, its implementation on the NXP UUU (Universal Update Utility) tool extends the functionality to any file type.

To update U-Boot via USB OTG using uuu and the Fastboot protocol:

  1. Download the latest Universal Update Utility (UUU), a software tool from NXP.

    UUU version should be v1.5.11 or higher.
  2. Place the uuu executable in a directory in your PATH, such as /usr/bin.

  3. Install udev rules to allow any user to run uuu to access the USB port:

    $ sudo sh -c "uuu -udev >> /etc/udev/rules.d/70-uuu.rules"
    $ sudo udevadm control --reload
  4. Connect a USB type-C cable to your development PC and the other end to the target USB type-C connector.

  5. Reset the device by pressing the reset button on the board and immediately press any key in the serial terminal to stop the auto-boot process. The U-Boot bootloader prompt displays:

    U-Boot SPL dub-2020.04-r6.1 (Sep 19 2023 - 07:15:55 +0000)
    Normal Boot
    Trying to boot from MMC1
    Primary set selected
    Load image from MMC/SD 0x59c00
    
    
    U-Boot dub-2020.04-r6.1 (Sep 19 2023 - 07:15:55 +0000)
    
    CPU:   NXP i.MX8QXP RevC A35 at 1200 MHz at 33C
    DRAM:  2 GiB
    MCA:   HW_VER=1  FW_VER=1.01
    MMC:   FSL_SDHC: 0, FSL_SDHC: 1
    In:    serial
    Out:   serial
    Err:   serial
    Model: Digi International ConnectCore 8X SBC Pro Board.
    ConnectCore 8X SOM variant 0x02: 2 GiB LPDDR4, Wi-Fi, Bluetooth, MCA, Crypto-auth
      Board version 3, ID 135
    Boot:  MMC0
    
     BuildInfo:
      - SCFW 6638c032, SECO-FW c9de51c0, IMX-MKIMAGE 3bfcfccb, ATF e4b2dbf
      - U-Boot dub-2020.04-r6.1
    
    flash target is MMC:0
    Net:   eth0: ethernet@5b040000 [PRIME], eth1: ethernet@5b050000
    Fastboot: Normal
    Normal Boot
    Hit any key to stop autoboot:  0
    => 
    Information in the console log may vary.
  6. On the target, in U-Boot, execute the following command:

    => fastboot 1
  7. On your development PC, change to your Digi Embedded Yocto project’s deploy images folder:

    $ cd tmp/deploy/images/ccimx8x-sbc-pro/
  8. Run the install_linux_fw_uuu.sh script with -h parameter to check the syntax:

    $ ./install_linux_fw_uuu.sh -h
    ############################################################
    #           Linux firmware install through USB OTG         #
    ############################################################
    Usage: ./install_linux_fw_uuu.sh [options]
    
      Options:
       -b                     Activate bootcount mechanism (3 boot attempts).
       -d                     Install firmware on dualboot partitions (system A and system B).
                              (Implies -b).
       -h                     Show this help.
       -i <dey-image-name>    Image name that prefixes the image filenames, such as 'dey-image-qt',
                              'dey-image-webkit', 'core-image-base'...
                              Defaults to 'dey-image-qt' if not provided.
       -k <dek-filename>      Update includes dek file.
                              (implies -t)."
       -n                     No wait. Skips 10 seconds delay to stop script.
       -t                     Install TrustFence artifacts.
       -u <u-boot-filename>   U-Boot filename.
                              Auto-determined by variant if not provided.
  9. To program the default image files (dey-image-qt):

    $ ./install_linux_fw_uuu.sh
  10. Once the firmware is installed, the device boots automatically. The default username is root with no password.