Configure a Wireless Wide Area Network (WWAN)

Configuring a Wireless Wide Area Network (WWAN) involves configuring the following items:

Required configuration items

The interface type: Modem.
The firewall zone: External.
The cellular modem that is used by the WWAN.

Additional configuration items

SIM selection for this WWAN.
The SIM PIN.
The SIM phone number for SMS connections.
Enable or disable roaming.
SIM failover configuration.
APN configuration.
The custom gateway/netmask.
IPv4 configuration:

The type being the way to control how the modem in the Digi device obtains an IP address from the cellular network.
The metric for IPv4 routes associated with the WAN.
The relative weight for IPv4 routes associated with the WAN.
The IPv4 management priority of the WAN. The active interface with the highest management priority will have its address reported as the preferred contact address for central management and direct device access.
The IPv4 Maximum Transmission Unit (MTU) of the WAN.
When to use DNS: always, never, or only when this interface is the primary default route.

SureLink active recovery configuration. See Configure SureLink active recovery to detect WAN/WWAN failures for further information.

IPv6 configuration:
- The type being the way to control how the modem in the Digi device obtains an IP address from the cellular network.
- The metric for IPv6 routes associated with the WAN.
- The relative weight for IPv6 routes associated with the WAN.
- The IPv6 management priority of the WAN. The active interface with the highest management priority will have its address reported as the preferred contact address for central management and direct device access.
- The IPv6 Maximum Transmission Unit (MTU) of the WAN.
- When to use DNS: always, never, or only when this interface is the primary default route.
- SureLink active recovery configuration. See Configure SureLink active recovery to detect WAN/WWAN failures for further information.

 Web

Log into Digi Remote Manager, or log into the local Web UI as a user with full Admin access rights.
Access the device configuration:
Remote Manager:
1. Locate your device as described in Use Digi Remote Manager to view and manage your device.
2. Click the Device ID.
3. Click Settings.
4. Click to expand Config.
Local Web UI:
1. On the menu, click System. Under Configuration, click Device Configuration.
  The Configuration window is displayed.
Click Network > Interfaces.
Create the WWAN or select an existing WWAN:
- To create a new WWAN:
  1. For Add interface, type a name for the WWAN and click .
  2. For Interface type, select Modem.
    New WWANs are enabled by default. To disable, toggle off Enable.
- To edit an existing WWAN, click to expand the WWAN.
For Zone, select External.
For Device, select the cellular modem.
For Match SIM by, select a SIM matching criteria to determine when this WWAN should be used:
- If SIM slot is selected, for Match SIM slot, select which SIM slot must be in active for this WWAN to be used.
- If Carrier is selected, for Match SIM carrier, select which cellular carrier must be in active for this WWAN to be used.
- If PLMN identifier is selected, for Match PLMN identifier, type the PLMN id that must be in active for this WWAN to be used.
- If IMSI is selected, for Match IMSI, type the International Mobile Subscriber Identity (IMSI) that must be in active for this WWAN to be used.
- If ICCID is selected, for Match ICCID, type the unique SIM card ICCID that must be in active for this WWAN to be used.
Type the PIN for the SIM. Leave blank if no PIN is required.
Type the Phone number for the SIM, for SMS connections.
Normally, this should be left blank. It is only necessary to complete this field if the SIM does not have a phone number or if the phone number is incorrect.
Roaming is enabled by default. Click to disable.
For Carrier selection mode, select one of the following:
- Automatic: The cellular carrier is selected automatically by the device.
- Manual: The cellular carrier must be manually configured. If the configured network is not available, no cellular connection will be established.
- Manual/Automatic: The carrier is manually configured. If the configured network is not available, automatic carrier selection is used.
If Manual or Manual/Automatic is selected:
1. For Network PLMN ID, type the PLMN ID for the cellular network.
2. For Network technology, select the technology that should be used. The default is All technologies, which means that the best available technology will be used.
  Note If Manual is configured for Carrier selection mode and a specific network technology is selected for the Network technology, your modem must support the selected technology or no cellular connection will be established. If you are using a cellular connection to perform this procedure, you may lose your connection and the device will no longer be accessible.
SIM failover is enabled by default, which means that the modem will automatically fail over from the active SIM to the next available SIM when the active SIM fails to connect. If enabled:
1. For Connection attempts before SIM failover, type the number of times that the device should attempt to connect to the active SIM before failing over to the next available SIM.
2. For SIM failover alternative, configure how SIM failover will function if automatic SIM switching is unavailable:
  - None: The device will perform no alternative action if automatic SIM switching is unavailable.
  - Reset modem: The device will reset the modem if automatic SIM switching is unavailable.
  - Reboot device: The device will reboot if automatic SIM switching is unavailable.
For APN Selection, select whether you want to configure the EX12 to use the preconfigured APNs, custom APNs, or both. See Cellular modem APNs for information and instructions for setting an APN.
(Optional) To configure the IP address of a custom gateway or a custom netmask:
1. Click Custom gateway to expand.
2. Click Enable.
3. For Gateway/Netmask, enter the IP address and netmask of the custom gateway. To override only the gateway netmask, but not the gateway IP address, use all zeros for the IP address. For example, 0.0.0.0./32 will use the network-provided gateway, but with a /32 netmask.
Optional IPv4 configuration items:
1. Click IPv4 to expand.
2. IPv4 support is Enabled by default. Click to disable.
3. Set the Type.
- Static IP address - Digi device obtains the static IP address from the cellular network.
- DHCP address - Digi device obtains IP address through a DHCP server on the cellular network.
1. Set the Metric.
  See Configure WAN/WWAN priority and default route metrics for further information about metrics.
2. For Weight, type the relative weight for default routes associated with this interface. For multiple active interfaces with the same metric, Weight is used to load balance traffic to the interfaces.
3. Set the Management priority. This determines which interface will have priority for central management activity. The interface with the highest number will be used.
4. Set the MTU.
5. For Use DNS:
  - Always: DNS will always be used for this WWAN; when multiple interfaces have the same DNS server, the interface with the lowest metric will be used for DNS requests.
  - When primary default route: Only use the DNS servers provided for this WWAN when the WWAN is the primary route.
  - Never: Never use DNS servers for this WWAN.
  The default setting is When primary default route.
Optional IPv6 configuration items:
1. Click IPv6 to expand.
2. IPv6 support is Enabled by default. Click to disable.
3. Set the Type.
- Static IP address - Digi device obtains the static IP address from the cellular network.
- DHCP address - Digi device obtains IP address through a DHCP server on the cellular network.
1. Set the Metric.
  See Configure WAN/WWAN priority and default route metrics for further information about metrics.
2. For Weight, type the relative weight for default routes associated with this interface. For multiple active interfaces with the same metric, Weight is used to load balance traffic to the interfaces.
3. Set the Management priority. This determines which interface will have priority for central management activity. The interface with the highest number will be used.
4. Set the MTU.
5. For Use DNS:
  - Always: DNS will always be used for this WWAN; when multiple interfaces have the same DNS server, the interface with the lowest metric will be used for DNS requests.
  - When primary default route: Only use the DNS servers provided for this WWAN when the WWAN is the primary route.
  - Never: Never use DNS servers for this WWAN.
  The default setting is When primary default route.
See Configure SureLink active recovery to detect WAN/WWAN failures for information about configuring SureLink.
Click Apply to save the configuration and apply the change.

 Command line

Select the device in Remote Manager and click Actions > Open Console, or log into the EX12 local command line as a user with full Admin access rights.
Depending on your device configuration, you may be presented with an Access selection menu. Type admin to access the Admin CLI.
At the command line, type config to enter configuration mode:
```
> config
(config)>
```
Create a new WWAN or edit an existing one:
- To create a new WWAN named my_wwan:
```
(config)> add network interface my_wwan
(config network interface my_wwan)>
```
- To edit an existing WWAN named my_wwan, change to the my_wwan node in the configuration schema:
```
(config)> network interface my_wwan
(config network interface my_wwan)>
```

Set the appropriate firewall zone:

(config network interface my_wwan)> zone zone
(config network interface my_wwan)>

See Firewall configuration for further information.

Select a cellular modem:

Enter modem device ? to view available modems and the proper syntax.

(config network interface my_wwan)> modem device ?

Device: The modem used by this network interface.
Format:
  modem
Current value:

(config network interface my_wwan)> device

Set the device:

(config network interface my_wwan)> modem device modem
(config network interface my_wwan)>

Set the SIM matching criteria to determine when this WWAN should be used:

(config network interface my_wwan)> modem match value
(config network interface my_wwan)>

Where value is one of:

any

carrier

Set the cellular carrier must be in active for this WWAN to be used:

Use ? to determine available carriers:

(config network interface my_wwan)> modem carrier

Match SIM carrier: The SIM carrier match criteria. This interface is applied when the SIM card is
provisioned from the carrier.
Format:
  AT&T
  Rogers
  Sprint
  T-Mobile
  Telstra
  Verizon
  Vodafone
  other
Default value: AT&T
Current value: AT&T

(config network interface my_wwan)>

Set the carrier:

(config network interface my_wwan)> modem carrier value
(config network interface my_wwan)>

iccid

Set the unique SIM card ICCID that must be in active for this WWAN to be used:

(config network interface my_wwan)> modem iccid ICCID
(config network interface my_wwan)>

imsi
Set the International Mobile Subscriber Identity (IMSI) that must be in active for this WWAN to be used:
```
(config network interface my_wwan)> modem imsi IMSI
(config network interface my_wwan)>
```

plmn_id

Set the PLMN id that must be in active for this WWAN to be used:

(config network interface my_wwan)> modem plmn_id PLMN_ID
(config network interface my_wwan)>

sim_slot

Set which SIM slot must be in active for this WWAN to be used:

(config network interface my_wwan)> modem sim_slot value
(config network interface my_wwan)>

where value is either 1 or 2.

Set the PIN for the SIM. Leave blank if no PIN is required.

(config network interface my_wwan)> modem pin value
(config network interface my_wwan)>

Set the phone number for the SIM, for SMS connections:
```
(config network interface my_wwan)> modem phone num
(config network interface my_wwan)>
```
Normally, this should be left blank. It is only necessary to complete this field if the SIM does not have a phone number or if the phone number is incorrect.

Roaming is enabled by default. To disable:

(config network interface my_wwan)> modem roaming false
(config network interface my_wwan)>

Set the carrier selection mode:
```
(config network interface my_wwan)> modem operator_mode value
(config network interface my_wwan)>
```
where value is one of:
- automatic: The cellular carrier is selected automatically by the device.
- manual: The cellular carrier must be manually configured. If the configured network is not available, no cellular connection will be established.
- manual_automatic: The carrier is manually configured. If the configured network is not available, automatic carrier selection is used.
If manual or manual_automatic is set:
1. Set the Network PLMN ID:
```
(config network interface my_wwan)> modem operator PLMN_ID
(config network interface my_wwan)>
```
2. Set the cellular network technology:
```
(config network interface my_wwan)> modem operator_technology value
(config network interface my_wwan)>
```
  where value is one of:
  - all: The best available technology will be used.
  - 2G: Only 2G technology will be used.
  - 3G: Only 3G technology will be used.
  - 4G: Only 4G technology will be used.
  - NR5G-NSA: Only 5G non-standalone technology will be used.
  - NR5G-SA: Only 5G standalone technology will be used.
  The default is all.
  
  Note If manual is configured for the carrier selection mode and a specific network technology is selected for the cellular network technology, your modem must support the selected technology or no cellular connection will be established. If you are using a cellular connection to perform this procedure, you may lose your connection and the device will no longer be accessible.
SIM failover is enabled by default, which means that the modem will automatically fail over from the active SIM to the next available SIM when the active SIM fails to connect. To disable:
```
(config network interface my_wwan)> modem sim_failover false
(config network interface my_wwan)> 
```
If enabled:
1. Set the number of times that the device should attempt to connect to the active SIM before failing over to the next available SIM:
```
(config network interface my_wwan)> modem sim_failover_retries num
(config network interface my_wwan)> 
```
  The default setting is 5.
2. Configure how SIM failover will function if automatic SIM switching is unavailable:
```
(config network interface my_wwan)> modem sim_failover_alt value
(config network interface my_wwan)> 
```
  where value is one of:
  - none: The device will perform no alternative action if automatic SIM switching is unavailable.
  - reset: The device will reset the modem if automatic SIM switching is unavailable.
  - reboot: The device will reboot if automatic SIM switching is unavailable.
(Optional) To configure the device to use either the preconfigured APNs, custom APNs, or both:
```
(config)> network interface modem modem apn_selection value
(config)>
```
Where value is one of the following:
- apn_list_only
- both_lists
- built-in-list-only
(Optional) To configure the IP address of a custom gateway or a custom netmask:
1. Enable the custom gateway:
```
(config network interface my_wwan)> modem custom_gw enable true
(config network interface my_wwan)> 
```
2. Set the IP address and netmask of the custom gateway:
```
(config network interface my_wwan)> modem custom_gw gateway ip_address/netmask
(config network interface my_wwan)> modem custom_gw 
```
  To override only the gateway netmask, but not the gateway IP address, use all zeros for the IP address. For example, 0.0.0.0./32 will use the network-provided gateway, but with a /32 netmask.
Optional IPv4 configuration items:
1. IPv4 support is enabled by default. To disable:
```
(config network interface my_wwan)> ipv4 enable false
(config network interface my_wwan)> 
```
2. Set the type, which determines how the modem in the device obtains an IP address from the cellular network.
3. Set the metric:
```
(config network interface my_wwan)> ipv4 metric num
(config network interface my_wwan)> 
```
  See Configure WAN/WWAN priority and default route metrics for further information about metrics.
4. Set the relative weight for default routes associated with this interface. For multiple active interfaces with the same metric, the weight is used to load balance traffic to the interfaces.
```
(config network interface my_wwan)> ipv4 weight num
(config network interface my_wwan)> 
```
5. Set the management priority. This determines which interface will have priority for central management activity. The interface with the highest number will be used.
```
(config network interface my_wwan)> ipv4 mgmt num
(config network interface my_wwan)> 
```
6. Set the MTU:
```
(config network interface my_wwan)> ipv4 mtu num
(config network interface my_wwan)> 
```
7. Configure when the WWAN's DNS servers will be used:
```
(config network interface my_wwan)> ipv4  dns value
(config network interface my_wwan)>
```
  Where value is one of:
  - always: DNS will always be used for this WWAN; when multiple interfaces have the same DNS server, the interface with the lowest metric will be used for DNS requests.
  - never: Never use DNS servers for this WWAN.
  - primary: Only use the DNS servers provided for this WWAN when the WWAN is the primary route.
  The default setting is primary.
Optional IPv6 configuration items:
1. IPv6 support is enabled by default. To disable:
```
(config network interface my_wwan)> ipv4 enable false
(config network interface my_wwan)> 
```
2. Set the type, which determines how the modem in the device obtains an IP address from the cellular network.
3. Set the metric:
```
(config network interface my_wwan)> ipv4 metric num
(config network interface my_wwan)> 
```
  See Configure WAN/WWAN priority and default route metrics for further information about metrics.
4. Set the relative weight for default routes associated with this interface. For multiple active interfaces with the same metric, the weight is used to load balance traffic to the interfaces.
```
(config network interface my_wwan)> ipv4 weight num
(config network interface my_wwan)> 
```
5. Set the management priority. This determines which interface will have priority for central management activity. The interface with the highest number will be used.
```
(config network interface my_wwan)> ipv4 mgmt num
(config network interface my_wwan)> 
```
6. Set the MTU:
```
(config network interface my_wwan)> ipv4 mtu num
(config network interface my_wwan)> 
```
7. Configure when the WWAN's DNS servers will be used:
```
(config network interface my_wwan)> ipv4  dns value
(config network interface my_wwan)>
```
  Where value is one of:
  - always: DNS will always be used for this WWAN; when multiple interfaces have the same DNS server, the interface with the lowest metric will be used for DNS requests.
  - never: Never use DNS servers for this WWAN.
  - primary: Only use the DNS servers provided for this WWAN when the WWAN is the primary route.
  The default setting is primary.
See Configure SureLink active recovery to detect WAN/WWAN failures for information about configuring active recovery.

Save the configuration and apply the change.

(config network interface my_wan)> save
Configuration saved.
>

Type exit to exit the Admin CLI.
Depending on your device configuration, you may be presented with an Access selection menu. Type quit to disconnect from the device.